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目 录 摘 要··············································································································II http://www.paper51.com Abstract··········································································································III 内容来自www.paper51.com 一、耿马县傣族的历史文化特色简介····························································1 内容来自论文无忧网 www.paper51.com （一）耿马傣族族源、族称及分布········································································1 copyright paper51.com （二）耿马傣族的服饰和传统节日······································································1 http://www.paper51.com （三）傣族的宗教信仰·······················································································1 copyright paper51.com 二、耿马傣族的特色餐饮··················································································2 内容来自www.paper51.com 三、耿马傣族餐饮业经营中存在的问题·····················································4 copyright paper51.com （一）门槛低、不注重营养搭配······································································4 内容来自论文无忧网 www.paper51.com （二）传统的经营管理出现的问题··································································4 copyright paper51.com 四、耿马傣族餐饮业得SWOT分析·······························································5 内容来自www.paper51.com （一）耿马傣族餐饮业的优势··········································································5 内容来自论文无忧网 www.paper51.com （二）耿马傣族餐饮业的劣势··········································································5 内容来自www.paper51.com
（三）耿马傣族餐饮业的机会············································································6 copyright paper51.com （四）耿马傣族餐饮业的威胁············································································6 http://www.paper51.com 五、耿马傣族餐饮业的经营管理····································································6 paper51.com （一）改善餐厅卫生、重视营养搭配···································································6· paper51.com
（二）全信息化经营的方式和益处··································································7 内容来自论文无忧网 www.paper51.com （三）价格定价································································································7 copyright paper51.com （四）员工的分工与管理·················································································7 paper51.com
（五）餐厅的服务管理·····················································································8 内容来自论文无忧网 www.paper51.com （六）特色餐饮的促销························································································8 内容来自论文无忧网 www.paper51.com 参考文献············································································································12 copyright paper51.com
致谢····················································································································13 内容来自论文无忧网 www.paper51.com 内容来自www.paper51.com 一、耿马县傣族的历史文化特色简介 paper51.com （一）耿马傣族族源、族称及分布 内容来自www.paper51.com 傣族是耿马世居民族之一，也是自治县的自治民族。傣族自称“傣”，“傣”的本意，是发明犁并首先使用犁耕地的人。傣族在秦汉时期称“越”（或粤）；唐宋时期称“掸”或“金齿”、“黑齿”；明清时期则称“白衣”、“摆夷”；民国时期统称“摆夷”。新中国成立以后，废除民族压迫制度，实行民族平等的政策，50年代国家对于境内少数民族进行民族的自称而确定为“傣族”。据傣族老人讲“傣”是自由的意思。耿马傣族主要分部在盂定镇、耿马镇、勐撒镇、贺派乡和勐简乡。首批傣族何时迁入耿马繁衍生息无史志记载。据<元史>记载，唐宋时期，傣族由西北向南迁徙，与望族f佤族先民）及其他少数民族共同开发孟定、耿马地方。据耿马傣族文手抄本资料记述，耿马土司罕氏刷与罕谢于傣历七十二年，（明洪武十三年，1380年）迁徙到勐角（今沧源县境内）建寨，又于傣历七五九年(1397年)到耿马定居。总的来看，耿马的傣族多数是于元末明初由勐卯（今德宏瑞丽）一带迁徙而来，也有一部分是由普洱、景谷等地迁至耿马的。 paper51.com （二）耿马傣族的服饰和传统节日 内容来自论文无忧网 www.paper51.com
妇女挽髻于头顶，白花包头巾松散护头，身穿白色、浅绿色半透明的紧身长袖无领斜襟短上衣，扣针代替纽扣，里穿紧身条花自制背心，下系自织有红绿蓝等色搭配的话筒群，红色裙腰，系各色腰节，配戴耳环手镯，镶金牙齿，咀嚼槟榔，手臂文刺简单图案。男子穿无领对襟上衣，白包头，右耳显露包头巾一角为饰。穿宽松长裤，以裤腰结代替裤带。男子多纹身，个别除面部外，多处文有各种经文图案，习惯赤足，外出挂筒帕和长刀。堆沙节（泼水节），是傣族人一年一度辞旧迎新的传统佳节，即傣家除夕新年，日期在傣历的六月下旬或者七月上旬（公历四月中旬），也就是清明节后10天或11天开始，节日共3天。第一天为除夕，傣语叫“腕嘎利”，即休息天，赶小街做节日前的准备。第二天叫“腕脑”，意为“魔鬼尸马”，即“日子之王”。这天清早每家都做饭菜一桌，加上米花，象耳粑粑一对，抬到佛寺供奉祖先，于佛前滴水，并到街头广场举行庆祝活动，互相泼水祝福。下午青年男女进行堆沙，以求风调雨顺，五谷丰登，人畜兴旺。开门节，关门节也是一年中最重要的节日。 内容来自www.paper51.com
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